James Adam (architect)

James Adam (21 July 1732 – 20 October 1794) was a Scottish architect and furniture designer, but was often overshadowed by his older brother and business partner, Robert Adam. They were sons of architect William Adam.

Life and career

Adam was born in Kirkcaldy, Fife in 1732 as the third son of the architect William Adam.¹

In 1755 Adam worked on Gunsgreen House in the Berwickshire town of Eyemouth.²

In 1758, Adam, along with his brother Robert, started his business in London (living in Lower Grosvenor Street), focusing on designing complete schemes for the decoration and furnishing of houses. Palladian design was popular, but Robert had evolved a new, more flexible signature style incorporating elements of classic Roman design alongside influences from Greek, Byzantine and Baroque styles, often termed as Adam Style in conventional architecture texts.³ The Adam brothers' success can also be attributed to a desire to design everything down to the smallest detail, ensuring a sense of unity in their designs.

He then followed in Robert's footsteps by undertaking the Grand Tour, leaving in May 1760 and arriving back in London in October 1763.

Adam succeeded Robert as Architect of the King's Works in 1768 just before work on the brothers' Adelphi project (1768–1772) almost bankrupted the firm (the business employed other notable architects including (1739–1808) who, from 1768, remained with the Adams until 1781).