Bodmin Moor (Cornish Standard Written Form: Goon Brenn) is a granite moorland in north-eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is 208 square kilometres (80 sq mi) in size, and the granite dates from the Permian period of geological history.
Built date unknownLast edited Oct 15, 2026, 4:32 PM
Bodmin Moor (CornishStandard Written Form: Goon Brenn)1 is a granitemoorland in north-eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is 208 square kilometres (80 sq mi) in size, and the granite dates from the Permian period of geological history. It includes Brown Willy, the highest point in Cornwall, and Rough Tor, a slightly lower peak. Many of Cornwall's rivers have their sources here. It has been inhabited since at least the Neolithic era, when early farmers started clearing trees and farming the land. They left their megalithic monuments, hut circles and cairns, and the Bronze Age culture that followed left further cairns, and more stone circles and stone rows. By medieval and modern times, nearly all the forest was gone and livestock rearing predominated.
The name Bodmin Moor is relatively recent. An early mention is in the Royal Cornwall Gazette of 28 November 1812.2 The upland area was formerly known as Fowey Moor after the River Fowey, which rises within it.3
Geology
Bodmin Moor is one of five graniteplutons in Cornwall that make up part of the Cornubian batholith.4 The intrusion dates from the Cisuralian epoch, the earliest part of the Permian period, and outcrops across about 190 km2 (73 sq mi). Around the pluton's margins where it intruded into , the has been . Numerous deposits occur across the moor whilst large areas are characterised by of granite boulders; both deposits are of age: the blockfields are a feature (i.e. ) while the peat is age. (see also ).
This page is based on “Bodmin Moor” from English Wikipedia, (r1378440746) CC BY-SA 4.0 used under the license. The original authors are listed in its page history.
Dramatic granite tors rise from the rolling moorland: the best known are Brown Willy, the highest point in Cornwall at 417 m (1,368 ft),6 and Rough Tor at 400 m (1,300 ft). To the south-east Kilmar Tor and Caradon Hill are the most prominent hills. Considerable areas of the moor are poorly drained and form marshes (in hot summers these can dry out). The rest of the moor is mostly rough pasture or covered with heather and other low vegetation.7
The River Tiddy rises near Pensilva and flows southeast to its confluence with the River Lynher (the Lynher flows generally south-east until it joins the Hamoaze near Plymouth). The River Inny rises near Davidstow and flows southeast to its confluence with the River Tamar.16
The River Camel rises on Hendraburnick Down and flows for approximately 40 km (25 mi) before joining the sea at Padstow.17 The River Camel and its tributary the De Lank River are an important habitat for the otter, bullhead fish and salmonids, and both have been proposed as Special Areas of Conservation (SAC).18 The De Lank River rises near Roughtor and flows along an irregular course before joining the Camel south of Wenford.16
The River Warleggan rises near Temple and flows south to join the Fowey.19
On the southern slopes of the moor lies Dozmary Pool. It is Cornwall's only natural inland lake. In the 20th century three reservoirs have been constructed on the moor; these are Colliford Lake, Siblyback Lake and Crowdy reservoirs, which supply water for a large part of the county's population. Various species of waterfowl are resident around these rivers.20
10,000 years ago, in the Mesolithic period, hunter-gatherers wandered the area when it was wooded. There are several documented cases of flint scatters being discovered by archaeologists, indicating that these hunter-gatherers practised flint knapping in the region.21
During the Neolithic era, from about 4,500 to 2,300 BC, people began clearing trees and farming the land. It was also in this era that the production of various megalithic monuments began, predominantly long cairns (three of which have currently been identified, at Louden, Catshole and Bearah) and stone circles (sixteen of which have been identified). It was also likely that the naturally forming tors were also viewed in a similar manner to the manmade ceremonial sites.21
In the following Bronze Age, the creation of monuments increased dramatically, with the production of over 300 further cairns, and more stone circles and stone rows.21 More than 200 Bronze Age settlements with enclosures and field patterns have been recorded.22 and many prehistoric stone barrows and circles lie scattered across the moor. In the late 1990s, a team of archaeologists and anthropologists from UCL researched the Bronze Age landscapes of Leskernick over several seasons (Barbara Bender; Sue Hamilton; Christopher Tilley and students).2324 In a programme shown in 2007 Channel 4's Time Team investigated a 500-metre cairn and the site of a Bronze Age village on the slopes of Rough Tor.25
Where practicable, areas of the moor were used for pasture by herdsmen from the parishes surrounding the moor. Granite boulders were also taken from the moor and used for stone posts and to a certain extent for building (such material is known as moorstone).27 Granite quarrying only became reasonably productive when gunpowder became available.
The moor gave its name (Foweymore) to one of the medieval districts called stannaries which administered tin mining: the boundaries of these were never defined precisely. Until the establishment of a turnpike road through the moor (the present A30) in the 1770s the size of the moorland area made travel within Cornwall very difficult.28
Its Cornish name, Goen Bren, is first recorded in the 12th century.29
English Heritage monographs "Bodmin Moor: An Archaeological Survey" Volume 1 and Volume 2 covering the post-medieval and modern landscape are publicly available through the Archaeology Data Service.3031
Jamaica Inn is a traditional inn on the Moor. Built as a coaching inn in 1750 and having an association with smuggling, it was used as a staging post for changing horses.
After an accidental release of aluminium sulphate in July 1988 into the water supply in Camelford there have been problems. The Camelford water pollution incident has involved ongoing medical research after many people had medical issues and some died.
From 1960 to 2018 Robin Hanbury-Tenison farmed over 2,000 acres of hill farm on Bodmin Moor with sheep and cattle, diversified with Angora goats, red deer and wild boar from Russia, and later farming energy from wind, solar, water and biomass. The farm has been farmed by Merlin Hanbury-Tenison since 2018 who aims for greater sustainability.3233
Monuments and ruins
Roughtor was the site of a medieval chapel of St Michael and is now designated as a memorial to the 43rd Wessex Division of the British Army. In 1844 on Bodmin Moor the body of 18-year-old Charlotte Dymond was discovered. Local labourer Matthew Weeks was accused of the murder, and at noon on 12 August 1844 he was led from Bodmin Gaol and hanged. The murder site now has a monument erected from public money, and her grave is at Davidstow churchyard.34
The Beast of Bodmin has been reported many times but never identified with certainty.36 The Beast of Bodmin 37 is an instance of sightings of a British big cat. Searches for physical "evidence" to support such a claim has typically been found to have far more ordinary and less sensational origins. In the case of the Beast of Bodmin, when a skull found in the River Fowey was presented to the Natural History Museum as proof of its existence, it was found to have been cut from a leopard skin rug.3839
In popular culture
Cornish Cowboy, a 2014 short documentary film screened at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival,40 was shot on Bodmin Moor.41 The film features the work of St Neot horse trainer, Dan Wilson.
The moor features as the location of Ross Poldark’s cottage in the BBC TV historical drama series Poldark.42
Nick Louth’s detective novel “The Last Ride” takes place on Bodmin Moor.43
Daphne du Maurier's novel "Jamaica Inn" also takes place on the Bodmin Moor.
References
Weatherhill, Craig (1995) Cornish Place Names & Language. Wilmslow: Sigma Leisure ISBN 1-85058-462-1
"To Mr. Flindell". Royal Cornwall Gazette. England. 28 November 1812. Retrieved 17 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. ↩
Pounds, Norman John Greville (2000). A History of the English Parish: the culture of religion from Augustine to Victoria. Cambridge University Press. p. 593. ISBN 978-0-521-63351-2.; p. 72 ↩
Weatherhill, Craig (2009) A Concise Dictionary of Cornish Place-names. Westport, co. Mayo: Evertype; p. 6 ↩
Bonney, D., Johnson, N., Rose, P. (2008) "Bodmin Moor An archaeological survey Volume 1: The human Landscape c.1800" English Heritage. ↩
Giles, C., Herring, P., Johnson, N., Sharpe, A., Smith, J. (2008) "Bodmin Moor An Archaeological survey Volume 2: The industrial and post-medieval landscapes" English Heritage. ↩
Bodmin Moor (CornishStandard Written Form: Goon Brenn)1 is a granitemoorland in north-eastern Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is 208 square kilometres (80 sq mi) in size, and the granite dates from the Permian period of geological history. It includes Brown Willy, the highest point in Cornwall, and Rough Tor, a slightly lower peak. Many of Cornwall's rivers have their sources here. It has been inhabited since at least the Neolithic era, when early farmers started clearing trees and farming the land. They left their megalithic monuments, hut circles and cairns, and the Bronze Age culture that followed left further cairns, and more stone circles and stone rows. By medieval and modern times, nearly all the forest was gone and livestock rearing predominated.
The name Bodmin Moor is relatively recent. An early mention is in the Royal Cornwall Gazette of 28 November 1812.2 The upland area was formerly known as Fowey Moor after the River Fowey, which rises within it.3
Geology
Bodmin Moor is one of five graniteplutons in Cornwall that make up part of the Cornubian batholith.4 The intrusion dates from the , the earliest part of the period, and outcrops across about 190 km2 (73 sq mi). Around the pluton's margins where it intruded into , the has been . Numerous deposits occur across the moor whilst large areas are characterised by of granite boulders; both deposits are of age: the blockfields are a feature (i.e. ) while the peat is age. (see also ).
Dramatic granite tors rise from the rolling moorland: the best known are Brown Willy, the highest point in Cornwall at 417 m (1,368 ft),6 and Rough Tor at 400 m (1,300 ft). To the south-east Kilmar Tor and Caradon Hill are the most prominent hills. Considerable areas of the moor are poorly drained and form marshes (in hot summers these can dry out). The rest of the moor is mostly rough pasture or covered with heather and other low vegetation.7
The River Tiddy rises near Pensilva and flows southeast to its confluence with the River Lynher (the Lynher flows generally south-east until it joins the Hamoaze near Plymouth). The River Inny rises near Davidstow and flows southeast to its confluence with the River Tamar.16
The River Camel rises on Hendraburnick Down and flows for approximately 40 km (25 mi) before joining the sea at Padstow.17 The River Camel and its tributary the De Lank River are an important habitat for the otter, bullhead fish and salmonids, and both have been proposed as Special Areas of Conservation (SAC).18 The De Lank River rises near Roughtor and flows along an irregular course before joining the Camel south of Wenford.16
The River Warleggan rises near Temple and flows south to join the Fowey.19
On the southern slopes of the moor lies Dozmary Pool. It is Cornwall's only natural inland lake. In the 20th century three reservoirs have been constructed on the moor; these are Colliford Lake, Siblyback Lake and Crowdy reservoirs, which supply water for a large part of the county's population. Various species of waterfowl are resident around these rivers.20
10,000 years ago, in the Mesolithic period, hunter-gatherers wandered the area when it was wooded. There are several documented cases of flint scatters being discovered by archaeologists, indicating that these hunter-gatherers practised flint knapping in the region.21
During the Neolithic era, from about 4,500 to 2,300 BC, people began clearing trees and farming the land. It was also in this era that the production of various megalithic monuments began, predominantly long cairns (three of which have currently been identified, at Louden, Catshole and Bearah) and stone circles (sixteen of which have been identified). It was also likely that the naturally forming tors were also viewed in a similar manner to the manmade ceremonial sites.21
In the following Bronze Age, the creation of monuments increased dramatically, with the production of over 300 further cairns, and more stone circles and stone rows.21 More than 200 Bronze Age settlements with enclosures and field patterns have been recorded.22 and many prehistoric stone barrows and circles lie scattered across the moor. In the late 1990s, a team of archaeologists and anthropologists from UCL researched the Bronze Age landscapes of Leskernick over several seasons (Barbara Bender; Sue Hamilton; Christopher Tilley and students).2324 In a programme shown in 2007 Channel 4's Time Team investigated a 500-metre cairn and the site of a Bronze Age village on the slopes of Rough Tor.25
Where practicable, areas of the moor were used for pasture by herdsmen from the parishes surrounding the moor. Granite boulders were also taken from the moor and used for stone posts and to a certain extent for building (such material is known as moorstone).27 Granite quarrying only became reasonably productive when gunpowder became available.
The moor gave its name (Foweymore) to one of the medieval districts called stannaries which administered tin mining: the boundaries of these were never defined precisely. Until the establishment of a turnpike road through the moor (the present A30) in the 1770s the size of the moorland area made travel within Cornwall very difficult.28
Its Cornish name, Goen Bren, is first recorded in the 12th century.29
English Heritage monographs "Bodmin Moor: An Archaeological Survey" Volume 1 and Volume 2 covering the post-medieval and modern landscape are publicly available through the Archaeology Data Service.3031
Jamaica Inn is a traditional inn on the Moor. Built as a coaching inn in 1750 and having an association with smuggling, it was used as a staging post for changing horses.
After an accidental release of aluminium sulphate in July 1988 into the water supply in Camelford there have been problems. The Camelford water pollution incident has involved ongoing medical research after many people had medical issues and some died.
From 1960 to 2018 Robin Hanbury-Tenison farmed over 2,000 acres of hill farm on Bodmin Moor with sheep and cattle, diversified with Angora goats, red deer and wild boar from Russia, and later farming energy from wind, solar, water and biomass. The farm has been farmed by Merlin Hanbury-Tenison since 2018 who aims for greater sustainability.3233
Monuments and ruins
Roughtor was the site of a medieval chapel of St Michael and is now designated as a memorial to the 43rd Wessex Division of the British Army. In 1844 on Bodmin Moor the body of 18-year-old Charlotte Dymond was discovered. Local labourer Matthew Weeks was accused of the murder, and at noon on 12 August 1844 he was led from Bodmin Gaol and hanged. The murder site now has a monument erected from public money, and her grave is at Davidstow churchyard.34
The Beast of Bodmin has been reported many times but never identified with certainty.36 The Beast of Bodmin 37 is an instance of sightings of a British big cat. Searches for physical "evidence" to support such a claim has typically been found to have far more ordinary and less sensational origins. In the case of the Beast of Bodmin, when a skull found in the River Fowey was presented to the Natural History Museum as proof of its existence, it was found to have been cut from a leopard skin rug.3839
In popular culture
Cornish Cowboy, a 2014 short documentary film screened at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival,40 was shot on Bodmin Moor.41 The film features the work of St Neot horse trainer, Dan Wilson.
The moor features as the location of Ross Poldark’s cottage in the BBC TV historical drama series Poldark.42
Nick Louth’s detective novel “The Last Ride” takes place on Bodmin Moor.43
Daphne du Maurier's novel "Jamaica Inn" also takes place on the Bodmin Moor.
References
Weatherhill, Craig (1995) Cornish Place Names & Language. Wilmslow: Sigma Leisure ISBN 1-85058-462-1
"To Mr. Flindell". Royal Cornwall Gazette. England. 28 November 1812. Retrieved 17 May 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. ↩
Pounds, Norman John Greville (2000). A History of the English Parish: the culture of religion from Augustine to Victoria. Cambridge University Press. p. 593. ISBN 978-0-521-63351-2.; p. 72 ↩
Weatherhill, Craig (2009) A Concise Dictionary of Cornish Place-names. Westport, co. Mayo: Evertype; p. 6 ↩
Bonney, D., Johnson, N., Rose, P. (2008) "Bodmin Moor An archaeological survey Volume 1: The human Landscape c.1800" English Heritage. ↩
Giles, C., Herring, P., Johnson, N., Sharpe, A., Smith, J. (2008) "Bodmin Moor An Archaeological survey Volume 2: The industrial and post-medieval landscapes" English Heritage. ↩