StatePolitics

Bidar Sultanate

The Bidar Sultanate was an early modern sultanate located in the central Deccan, ruled by the Barid Shahi dynasty.

Founded~Ended 1527 ~ 16190 views in 30 daysLast edited Oct 15, 2026, 3:51 PM

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Details

Founded ~ Ended: 1527 ~ 1619
Capital: Bidar
Common languages: Persian (official), Deccani Urdu
Religion: State religion:, Sunni Islam Other:, Other religions in South Asia
Government: Monarchy
• 1489 – 1504: Qasim Barid I
• 1609 – 1619: Amir Barid Shah III (last)
• Established: 1492
• Disestablished: 1619
Currency: Mohur
Today part of: India
Location: 17.9000, 77.5500

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Contents

1.History
1.1.Qasim Barid and Amir Barid
1.2.Ali Barid Shah
1.3.Later rulers
2.Culture
2.1.Architecture
3.References
3.1.Bibliography
4.Notes

The Bidar Sultanate¹ was an early modern sultanate located in the central Deccan, ruled by the Barid Shahi dynasty.² One of the five Deccan sultanates, its initial territory corresponded to that of one of the five provinces of the Bahmani Sultanate, and under the rule of Qasim Barid I in 1492 assumed de facto control of state affairs of the Bahmani Sultanate.

Leadership passed to his sons; Amir Barid I in 1504 and Ali Barid Shah I in 1542. Starting from the 1580s as a result of Ali's death, a wave of successions occurred in the rulership of the dynasty which ended in 1609 under the last sultan, Amir Barid III. He was eventually defeated in 1619 by Ibrahim Adil Shah II of the Bijapur Sultanate, who annexed the territory of the Bidar Sultanate into his realm.

History

Qasim Barid and Amir Barid

The sultanate was founded in 1492 by Qasim Barid I,³ who was a Turk.⁴⁵⁶⁷ ⁸ He joined the service of the Bahmani Sultan Muhammad Shah III. He started his career as a sar-naubat, and was made kotwal of Bidar by Nizam-ul-Mulk Bahri, for helping the Deccanis in the massacre of the foreign population at Bidar.⁹ However, he later became the mir-jumla (prime minister) of the Bahmani Sultanate. During the reign of Mahmood Shah Bahmani II (r. 1482 – 1518), he became the de facto ruler of the Bahmani Sultanate.¹⁰

After the death of Mahmud Shah Bahmani in 1518, he was succeeded by four sultans, one after another, but they were mere puppets in the hands of Amir Barid.¹¹¹²

When the last Bahmani ruler Kalimullah fled to Bidar in 1527, Amir Barid I became practically independent, as his de jure suzerain's state ceased to exist.¹⁰ However, he never assumed any royal title.¹³

Ali Barid Shah

In 1542, Amir was succeeded by his son Ali Barid Shah I, who was the first to assume the royal title of Shah.¹⁴ Ali Barid joined the other Deccan sultans in the Battle of Talikota against the Vijayanagar Empire in January 1565.¹⁵

Later rulers

After his death in 1580, Ali Barid was succeeded by his son Ibrahim Barid, who ruled for seven years until his death in 1587.¹⁶ He was succeeded by his younger brother Qasim Barid II.¹⁷ After his death in 1591, he was succeeded by his infant son Ali Barid II, who was soon dethroned by one of his relative, Amir Barid II. In 1601, he was also overthrown by one of his relative, Mirza Ali Barid.

In 1609, he was succeeded by the last ruler, Amir Barid III,¹⁷ who fought against the Mughals in 1616 under the leadership of Malik Ambar. In 1619, he was defeated by the Bijapur sultan Ibrahim Adil Shah II. Bidar was annexed to Bijapur sultanate. Amir Barid III and his sons were brought to Bijapur and kept "under surveillance".¹⁸

Culture

Architecture

The Bidar Sultanate made considerable additions to the Bidar Fort. Their tombs, the Barid Shahi tombs, were their main architectural pursuits, and are also located at Bidar.¹⁹²⁰²¹ The rulers employed Hindu architects and engineers for the construction of these buildings, which resulted in amalgamation of some Hindu features within the architecture of this period.²²

References

Bibliography

Bosworth, C.E. (1996). The New Islamic Dynasties. Columbia University Press.
Burton-Page, J. (1970). "The Sultanates of the Deccan, Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries". In Lambton, Ann K.S.; Lewis, Bernard; Holt, Peter Malcolm (eds.). The Cambridge History of Islam. Vol. 2A. Cambridge University Press. pp. 63–66.
Majumdar, R.C. (1974). "The Five Sultanates of the Deccan". The Mughul Empire. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.
Mitchell, George; Zebrowski, Mark (1999). Architecture and Art of the Deccan Sultanates (The New Cambridge History of India Vol. I:7). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56321-6.
Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books.
Spooner, Brian; Hanaway, William L. (2012). Literacy in the Persianate World: Writing and the Social Order. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Yazdani, Ghulam (1947). Bidar, Its History and Monuments. Oxford University Press.
Haig, Sir Wolseley (1928). The Cambridge History of India Volume III. Cambridge University Press.

Notes

Persian: برید شاهیان ↩
"Barīd Shāhī dynasty | Muslim dynasty". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 9 December 2018. ↩
Sen 2013, p. 118. ↩
Khan, Iqtidar Alam. Historical dictionary of medieval India. No. 20. Scarecrow Press, 2008."The founder of the Barid Shahi dynasty of Bidar was the son of a Bahmani noble of Turkish origin, Qasim Barid" ↩
Bolar, Varija R. "Turks in Karnataka." International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 4, no. 1 (2012): 419-428.“The Barid Shahi kingdom was established by a Turk named Qasim Barid who had come to Bidar in 1463 AD” ↩
Ali, Shanti Sadiq. The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times. Orient Blackswan, 1996.“It may be noted here that Qasim Barid, the Kotwal of Bidar, though of Turkish origin succeeded in imposing his influence on Sultan Shihabu'd-din Mahmad” ↩
Syed, Muzaffar H. History of Indian Nation: Medieval India. Vol. 2. KK Publications, 2022. p.37. “that he left the administration in the hands of one Turk noble, Qasim Barid.” ↩
Bosworth 1996, p. 324. ↩

History

Qasim Barid and Amir Barid

The sultanate was founded in 1492 by Qasim Barid I,³ who was a Turk.⁴⁵⁶⁷ ⁸ He joined the service of the Bahmani Sultan Muhammad Shah III. He started his career as a , and was made kotwal of Bidar by , for helping the in the massacre of the foreign population at Bidar. However, he later became the (prime minister) of the Bahmani Sultanate. During the reign of (r. 1482 – 1518), he became the de facto ruler of the Bahmani Sultanate.

This page is based on “Bidar Sultanate” from English Wikipedia, (r1378544286) CC BY-SA 4.0 used under the license. The original authors are listed in its page history.

Last edited Oct 15, 2026, 3:51 PM · r117669 · Text is available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

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Persian: برید شاهیان ↩
"Barīd Shāhī dynasty | Muslim dynasty". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 9 December 2018. ↩
Sen 2013, p. 118. ↩
Khan, Iqtidar Alam. Historical dictionary of medieval India. No. 20. Scarecrow Press, 2008."The founder of the Barid Shahi dynasty of Bidar was the son of a Bahmani noble of Turkish origin, Qasim Barid" ↩
Bolar, Varija R. "Turks in Karnataka." International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 4, no. 1 (2012): 419-428.“The Barid Shahi kingdom was established by a Turk named Qasim Barid who had come to Bidar in 1463 AD” ↩
Ali, Shanti Sadiq. The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times. Orient Blackswan, 1996.“It may be noted here that Qasim Barid, the Kotwal of Bidar, though of Turkish origin succeeded in imposing his influence on Sultan Shihabu'd-din Mahmad” ↩
Syed, Muzaffar H. History of Indian Nation: Medieval India. Vol. 2. KK Publications, 2022. p.37. “that he left the administration in the hands of one Turk noble, Qasim Barid.” ↩
Bosworth 1996, p. 324. ↩
J. Sarkar (1972). Maharashtra State Gazetteers. History: Mediaeval period, by B.G. Kunte.- pt. 3. Maratha period, by J. Sarkar and others. Maharashtra (India). Gazetteers Department. p. 214. ↩
Majumdar 1974, p. 466. ↩ ↩²
"India - Bahmanī consolidation of the Deccan". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 9 December 2018. ↩
Haig 1928, pp. 431. ↩
Yazdani, 1947, pp. 25. ↩
Yazdani, 1947, pp. 13. ↩
Majumdar 1974, p. 467. ↩
Yazdani, 1947, pp. 160. ↩
Yazdani, 1947, pp. 14. ↩ ↩²
Majumdar 1974, pp. 466–468. ↩
Law, John. Modern Hyderabad (Deccan). pp. 15–17. ↩
"Monuments and Forts of the Deccan Sultanate". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Archived from the original on 28 February 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2018. ↩
Mitchell & Zebrowski 1999, p. 14. ↩
Yazdani, 1947, pp. 26. ↩

Persian: برید شاهیان ↩
"Barīd Shāhī dynasty | Muslim dynasty". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 9 December 2018. ↩
Sen 2013, p. 118. ↩
Khan, Iqtidar Alam. Historical dictionary of medieval India. No. 20. Scarecrow Press, 2008."The founder of the Barid Shahi dynasty of Bidar was the son of a Bahmani noble of Turkish origin, Qasim Barid" ↩
Bolar, Varija R. "Turks in Karnataka." International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies 4, no. 1 (2012): 419-428.“The Barid Shahi kingdom was established by a Turk named Qasim Barid who had come to Bidar in 1463 AD” ↩
Ali, Shanti Sadiq. The African Dispersal in the Deccan: From Medieval to Modern Times. Orient Blackswan, 1996.“It may be noted here that Qasim Barid, the Kotwal of Bidar, though of Turkish origin succeeded in imposing his influence on Sultan Shihabu'd-din Mahmad” ↩
Syed, Muzaffar H. History of Indian Nation: Medieval India. Vol. 2. KK Publications, 2022. p.37. “that he left the administration in the hands of one Turk noble, Qasim Barid.” ↩
Bosworth 1996, p. 324. ↩

Bidar Sultanate

History

Qasim Barid and Amir Barid

Ali Barid Shah

Later rulers

Culture

Architecture

References

Bibliography

Notes

History

Qasim Barid and Amir Barid

Opinions 0

Ali Barid Shah

Later rulers

Culture

Architecture

References

Bibliography

Notes

Other languages

Sub-pages

Nearby events

History

Qasim Barid and Amir Barid

Ali Barid Shah

Later rulers

Culture

Architecture

References

Bibliography

Notes

Opinions 0

Bidar Sultanate

History

Qasim Barid and Amir Barid

Ali Barid Shah

Later rulers

Culture

Architecture

References

Bibliography

Notes

Footnotes

History

Qasim Barid and Amir Barid

Opinions 0

Ali Barid Shah

Later rulers

Culture

Architecture

References

Bibliography

Notes

Footnotes

Other languages

Sub-pages

Nearby events

History

Qasim Barid and Amir Barid

Ali Barid Shah

Later rulers

Culture

Architecture

References

Bibliography

Notes

Footnotes

Opinions 0