Sim Dan (문서 활동)
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| r79460위키백과봇2026-10-15 | 1 | **Sim Dan** (沈檀, 1645–1730) was a scholar-official of late Joseon. His ancestral seat was [[Cheongsong Sim clan|Cheongsong]] (靑松), his courtesy name was Deokyeo (德輿), and his art names were Yakhyeon (藥峴) and Chuwudang (追尤堂). |
| 2 | ||
| 3 | ## Family background | |
| 4 | ||
| 5 | He was the son of Sim Gwang-myeon (沈光沔), a son-in-law of [[Yun Seon-do|Yun Seon-do]] (孤山 尹善道), the Southern Faction scholar-recluse (南人 山林) of the Namin, and thus a maternal grandson of [[Yun Seon-do|Yun Seon-do]]. He was a fifth-cousin of the literati painter Gongjae (恭齋) [[Yun Du-seo|Yun Du-seo]] (尹斗緖), a great-grandson of [[Yun Seon-do|Yun Seon-do]]. He was also a fifth-cousin nephew of Sim Gwang-su (沈光洙), the Southern Faction scholar-recluse who, together with [[Yun Seon-do|Yun Seon-do]], argued for the three-year mourning period in the [[Yesong controversy|Yesong controversy]], and a fifth-cousin nephew of Sim Gwang-sa (沈光泗, younger brother of [[Sim Gwang-su|Sim Gwang-su]]), father-in-law of Yun I-seok, a grandson of [[Yun Seon-do|Yun Seon-do]]. Sim Gwang-su and Sim Gwang-sa were cousins of Sim Dan's father, Sim Gwang-myeon. The families of [[Sim Gwang-su|Sim Gwang-su]], Sim Gwang-sa, and Sim Gwang-myeon all had close ties with the [[Haenam Yun clan|Haenam Yun]] family of [[Yun Seon-do|Yun Seon-do]]. | |
| 6 | ||
| 7 | ## Life | |
| 8 | ||
| 9 | He studied under his maternal grandfather [[Yun Seon-do|Yun Seon-do]] and passed the regular civil service examination in 1673 (the 14th year of King Hyeonjong's reign), placing in the third rank. He afterward served in a range of posts, including Left Remonstrator (正言), Compiler (修撰), Junior Remonstrator (持平), Junior Secretary of the Ministry of Personnel (吏曹佐郞), Lecturer (校理), Remonstrator (獻納), Senior Secretary of the Ministry of Personnel (吏曹正郞), Secretary (舍人), and Vice Director of the Academy (應教). In 1680 (the 6th year of King Sukjong's reign), during the [[Gyeongsin Purge|Gyeongsin Purge]], when the [[Namin]] were expelled by the [[Seoin]], he was exiled to Yangdeok and spent ten years in banishment. In 1689, during the [[Gisa Rectification|Gisa Rectification]], when the Namin regained power, he was released from exile and served as Lecturer, Deputy Vice Director of the Academy, Magistrate of Suwon, Vice Minister of Personnel, Vice Minister of War, [[Chief Royal Secretary|Chief Royal Secretary]], [[Great Remonstrator|Great Remonstrator]], and [[Grand Censor|Grand Censor]]. In 1694, during the [[Gapsul Rectification|Gapsul Rectification]], when [[Queen Inhyeon|Queen Inhyeon]], who had been deposed, was restored and the Namin again fell from power, he was dismissed from office. In 1701, after [[Queen Inhyeon|Queen Inhyeon]] died of illness and the remnants of Namin power were completely eliminated, he was exiled to Haenam county on the accusation of Min Eon-ryang (閔彦良), another Namin member, and in 1703 he was moved to Yeonghae, and he was released in 1711. In 1713 he was appointed Vice Minister of the Central Office of the Ministry (同知中樞府事), and in 1720 he became Minister of the Central Office of the Ministry (知中樞府事) and entered the [[Giroso|Giroso]] (耆老所). Although he was originally a [[Namin]], he held office under the [[Seoin]] regime, and when the Seoin split into the [[Noron]] and [[Soron]], he became a [[Soron]]. In 1721 (the 1st year of King Gyeongjong's reign), while serving as [[Minister of Personnel|Minister of Personnel]] and [[Minister of Rites|Minister of Rites]], he constantly encouraged [[King Gyeongjong|King Gyeongjong]] and the king's half-brother, the crown prince [[King Yeongjo|Yeongjo]], to live in brotherly harmony. He also sharply criticized the incident in which [[Kim Il-gyeong|Kim Il-gyeong]] (金一鏡), a hardline leader of the [[Soron]], bribed the eunuch Park Sang-geom (朴尙儉) in an attempt to harm the king's half-brother. He later served as [[Grand Censor|Grand Censor]] and [[Chief Commissioner of the Office of Royal Discipline|Chief Commissioner of the Office of Royal Discipline]], and then, while concurrently serving as [[Hanseong Magistrate|Governor of Hanseong]] and Right Tutor to the Crown Prince (世弟右賓客), he tutored the king's half-brother. He later served as [[Right Assistant State Councilor|Right Assistant State Councilor]], [[Minister of Justice|Minister of Justice]], and [[Minister of Rites|Minister of Rites]]. After [[King Yeongjo|Yeongjo]] took the throne, he served as [[Chief Commissioner of the Office of Royal Discipline|Chief Commissioner of the Office of Royal Discipline]], Chief Minister of the Central Office of the Ministry, and Commander-in-Chief of the Capital Guard. However, in 1728 (the 4th year of King Yeongjo's reign), after the [[Noron]], who had regained power, impeached him, he was exiled to Sakju. In 1729 he was released under King Yeongjo's [[Tangpyeong policy|Tangpyeong policy]] and was appointed [[Minister of Works|Minister of Works]] and [[Minister of Justice|Minister of Justice]], but he declined both. In that same year, when the [[Yi In-jwa Rebellion|Yi In-jwa (李麟佐) Rebellion]] broke out, he rushed to the palace and submitted policy proposals (時務策) calling for the pacification of the people (安民, meaning to bring peace to the common people) and the removal of abusive clerks (虐吏, meaning corrupt clerks); for an investigation of the private taxes (私租, meaning taxes privately collected by private households) of the various provinces, with the proceeds used to meet military needs (軍額, meaning funds required for the military); for an end to currency minting (鑄錢); and for the abolition of private taxes beyond the law imposed by the various royal households (諸宮家) and government offices. He later served as [[Minister of Works|Minister of Works]] and others, and in 1730 he retired as Chief Minister of the Central Office of the Ministry, after which he became [[Bongjoha|Bongjoha]] (奉朝賀).[^1][^2][^3][^4][^5] | |
| 10 | ||
| 11 | ## Family tree | |
| 12 | ||
| 13 | - [[Sim Dal-won|Sim Dal-won]] (Pangyo of the Seungmungwon, posthumously granted Minister of Personnel) | |
| 14 | - [[Sim Jeon|Sim Jeon]] (沈銓, Governor of Gyeonggi Province, posthumously granted Chief State Councilor, Lord Cheongpa (靑坡府院君)) | |
| 15 | - Wife: Posthumously granted [[Jeonggyeong buin|Lady Jeonggyeong]] of the [[Jeonui Yi clan|Jeonui Yi clan]], daughter of Yi Han (李翰) | |
| 16 | - Sim U-seon (Magistrate of Jangsu) | |
| 17 | - Wife: [[Paepyeong Yun clan|Paepyeong Yun clan]] | |
| 18 | - Sim Yang (Inspector of the Office of the Inspector-General) | |
| 19 | - Sim Gwang-han (posthumously granted Vice Minister of Personnel) | |
| 20 | - Sim Sang (son of Sim Gwang-sa, Left Remonstrator of the Office of Remonstrance, posthumously granted Minister of Personnel) | |
| 21 | - Sim Deuk-ryang (Magistrate of Sunheung, posthumously granted Left Assistant State Councilor) | |
| 22 | - [[Sim Gak|Sim Gak]] (Minister of Rites, Chief Commissioner of the Office of Royal Discipline, Chief Minister of the Central Office of the Ministry, [[Giroso|Giroso]]) | |
| 23 | - Sim Chang-seok | |
| 24 | - Sim Yu | |
| 25 | - Sim Dong-ryang | |
| 26 | - Daughter: [[Cheongsong Sim clan|Cheongsong Sim clan]] | |
| 27 | - Husband: Jeong Dae-mu (丁大懋, born May 18, 1824 – ?), son of [[Jeong Hak-yu|Jeong Hak-yu]], maternal grandson of Sim O, Chamberlain (參奉), Magistrate, courtesy name Jaewon (子園) | |
| 28 | - Sim O (adopted by Sim Gyeong-seok) | |
| 29 | - Sim Gyeong-seok (Magistrate of Yonggung) | |
| 30 | - Sim O (son of Sim Chang-seok) | |
| 31 | - Daughter: [[Cheongsong Sim clan|Cheongsong Sim clan]] | |
| 32 | - Husband: [[Ahae Jeong clan|Ahae Jeong clan]], second son of the great late-Joseon scholar-practitioner [[Jeong Yak-yong|Jeong Yak-yong]] (Dasan), Unpo [[Jeong Hak-yu|Jeong Hak-yu]] | |
| 33 | - Son of [[Jeong Hak-yu|Jeong Hak-yu]]: Jeong Dae-mu (丁大懋, born May 18, 1824 – ?), maternal grandson of Sim O, Chamberlain, Magistrate, courtesy name Jaewon (子園) | |
| 34 | - Sim U-jun (Jinsa, posthumously granted Vice Minister of Personnel) | |
| 35 | - Wife: Posthumously granted [[Jeonggyeong buin|Lady Jeonggyeong]] [[Juksan Park clan|Juksan Park clan]] | |
| 36 | - Wife: Posthumously granted [[Jeonggyeong buin|Lady Jeonggyeong]] [[Eunjin Song clan|Eunjin Song clan]] | |
| 37 | - [[Sim Aek|Sim Aek]] (adopted by [[Sim U-seung|Sim U-seung]], Minister of Personnel, Chief Commissioner of the Office of Royal Discipline, Lord Cheongsong, [[Giroso|Giroso]]) | |
| 38 | - Sim Seo (Junior Inspector of the Office of Palace Affairs, posthumously granted Minister of Personnel) | |
| 39 | - Sim Gwang-myeon (posthumously granted Chief State Councilor) | |
| 40 | - Wife: Posthumously granted [[Jeonggyeong buin|Lady Jeonggyeong]] [[Haenam Yun clan|Haenam Yun clan]], daughter of [[Namin]] [[Sanlim (politics)|scholar-recluse]] Vice Minister of Rites [[Yun Seon-do|Yun Seon-do]] | |
| 41 | - [[Sim Dan|Sim Dan]] (Minister of Personnel, Chief Commissioner of the Office of Royal Discipline, Chief Minister of the Central Office of the Ministry, [[Giroso|Giroso]], [[Bongjoha|Bongjoha]]) | |
| 42 | - Wife: [[Jeonggyeong buin|Lady Jeonggyeong]] [[Gwangju Yi clan|Gwangju Yi clan]] | |
| 43 | - Sim Deuk-cheon (Gwonji Jeongja of the Seungmungwon) | |
| 44 | - [[Portrait of Sim Deuk-gyeong|Sim Deuk-gyeong]] (great-grandson of [[Yun Seon-do|Yun Seon-do]] and model for the portrait of Sim Deuk-gyeong by the literati painter Gongjae [[Yun Du-seo|Yun Du-seo]], Jinsa) | |
| 45 | - Sim Deuk-haeng (Magistrate of Yongin) | |
| 46 | - Sim Deuk-seong (Saengwon, posthumously granted Vice Minister of Personnel) | |
| 47 | - Sim Chi (posthumously granted Vice Minister of Personnel) | |
| 48 | - Sim Yeong-seok (Vice Minister of War) | |
| 49 | - Sim Mun (Chamberlain of Jeryeung, posthumously granted Minister of Personnel) | |
| 50 | - Wife: Posthumously granted [[Jeonggyeong buin|Lady Jeonggyeong]] [[Pungsan Hong clan|Pungsan Hong clan]], daughter of Minister of War Hong Myeong-ju (洪命周) | |
| 51 | - [[Sim Dong-sin|Sim Dong-sin]] (Vice Minister of War, Vice Chief Secretary of the Royal Historical Office, [[Grand Censor|Grand Censor]]) | |
| 52 | - Sim Dong-heon (Secretary) | |
| 53 | - [[Sim U-seung|Sim U-seung]] (沈友勝, Vice Minister of Revenue, Governor of Gyeonggi Province, Merit Subject of the Second Rank in the [[Honorable Subjects|Merit Subjects]] for protecting the royal family, posthumously granted Chief State Councilor, Lord Cheonggye (靑溪府院君)) | |
| 54 | - Wife: Posthumously granted [[Jeonggyeong buin|Lady Jeonggyeong]] [[Sunheung An clan|Sunheung An clan]] (順興 安氏) | |
| 55 | - [[Sim Aek|Sim Aek]] (沈詻, son of Sim U-jun, Minister of Personnel, Chief Commissioner of the Office of Royal Discipline, Lord Cheongsong (靑松君), [[Giroso|Giroso]]) | |
| 56 | - Wife: [[Jeonggyeong buin|Lady Jeonggyeong]] [[Andong Kwon clan|Andong Kwon clan]] (安東 權氏), daughter of Minister of War [[Kwon Jing|Kwon Jing]] (權徵) | |
| 57 | - [[Sim Gwang-su|Sim Gwang-su]] (沈光洙, [[Namin]] [[Sanlim (politics)|scholar-recluse]] (南人 山林), Junior Tutor of the Crown Prince's Academy (世子侍講院 進善), Vice Director of Public Works, posthumously granted Vice Minister of Personnel, Lord Cheongan (靑安君)) | |
| 58 | - Wife: Posthumously granted [[Jeonggyeong buin|Lady Jeonggyeong]] [[Andong Kwon clan|Andong Kwon clan]] | |
| 59 | - Sim Baek (son of Sim Gwang-sa, Junior Secretary of the Ministry of War) | |
| 60 | - Sim Gwang-sa (沈光泗, Jeonbu of the Royal Clan Office, posthumously granted Vice Minister of Personnel, five sons all passed the civil service examination) | |
| 61 | - Wife: Posthumously granted [[Jeonggyeong buin|Lady Jeonggyeong]] [[Jeonui Yi clan|Jeonui Yi clan]], daughter of Vice Minister of War Yi Myeong-jun (李命俊) | |
| 62 | - Daughter: [[Cheongsong Sim clan|Cheongsong Sim clan]] (靑松 沈氏) | |
| 63 | - Husband: [[Haenam Yun clan|Haenam Yun clan]] Yun I-seok (尹爾錫), grandson of [[Yun Seon-do|Yun Seon-do]], Jeonbu of the Royal Clan Office | |
| 64 | - Son of Yun I-seok: [[Yun Du-seo|Yun Du-seo]] (尹斗緖), maternal grandson of Sim Gwang-sa, known as Gongjae (恭齋), who together with Gyeomjae [[Jeong Seon|Jeong Seon]] (鄭歚) and Hyeonjae [[Sim Sa-jeong|Sim Sa-jeong]] (玄齋) formed the "Three Masters" (三齋) of Joseon | |
| 65 | - Sim Baek (adopted by Sim Gwang-su, Junior Secretary of the Ministry of War) | |
| 66 | - Sim Sang (adopted by Sim Gwang-han, Left Remonstrator of the Office of Remonstrance, posthumously granted Minister of Personnel) | |
| 67 | - Sim Beol (Governor of Hwanghae Province) | |
| 68 | - Sim Bang (Magistrate of Jinju) | |
| 69 | - Sim Taeng (Secretary) | |
| 70 | - Daughter of [[Sim Aek|Sim Aek]]: [[Cheongsong Sim clan|Cheongsong Sim clan]] | |
| 71 | - Son-in-law of [[Sim Aek|Sim Aek]]: [[O Dan|O Dan]], Governor | |
| 72 | - Daughter of [[O Dan|O Dan]]: Lady Bokcheon, [[Dongbok Oh clan|Dongbok Oh clan]] | |
| 73 | - Son-in-law of [[O Dan|O Dan]]: [[Prince Inpyeong|Prince Inpyeong]], third son of [[King Injo|King Injo]] | |
| 74 | - Eldest son of [[Prince Inpyeong|Prince Inpyeong]]: [[Prince Bongnyeong|Prince Bongnyeong]] | |
| 75 | - Second son of [[Prince Inpyeong|Prince Inpyeong]]: [[Prince Bokchang|Prince Bokchang]] | |
| 76 | - Third son of [[Prince Inpyeong|Prince Inpyeong]]: [[Prince Bokseon|Prince Bokseon]] | |
| 77 | - Fourth son of [[Prince Inpyeong|Prince Inpyeong]]: [[Prince Bokpyeong|Prince Bokpyeong]] | |
| 78 | - Sim Bo (沈譜, passed the military examination, Magistrate of Bakcheon) | |
| 79 | - Sim Gwang-suk (沈光淑, passed the military examination, Manho) | |
| 80 | - Sim Ryun (沈棆, Jeomji Junghwalbusa) | |
| 81 | - Sim Deuk-mang (沈得望, passed the military examination, Chief Jeoljemosa) | |
| 82 | - Sim U-dan (Inspector of the Office of the Inspector-General) | |
| 83 | - Wife: [[Suwon Choe clan|Suwon Choe clan]] | |
| 84 | - Sim Seon (Magistrate of Danchoen) | |
| 85 | ||
| 86 | ## Notes | |
| 87 | ||
| 88 | [^1]: 숙종실록 | |
| 89 | [^2]: 경종실록 | |
| 90 | [^3]: 영조실록 | |
| 91 | [^4]: 한국민족문화대백과 | |
| 92 | [^5]: 두산백과 |